Sonography, or ultrasound imaging, is a crucial component of prenatal care that uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of the developing fetus, placenta, and maternal reproductive organs. This non-invasive imaging technique provides valuable information about fetal growth and development, helps detect potential abnormalities, and allows parents to see their baby for the first time. Ultrasound examinations are typically performed multiple times during pregnancy, with each scan serving specific purposes based on the gestational age and clinical indications.

The first ultrasound is usually performed in the first trimester (6-12 weeks) to confirm pregnancy, establish accurate gestational age and due date, determine the number of fetuses, assess fetal viability by detecting the heartbeat, and evaluate the uterus and ovaries. Early ultrasounds may be performed transvaginally for better visualization when the fetus is still very small. This initial scan provides crucial information for establishing appropriate prenatal care and helps identify high-risk pregnancies that may require specialized management.

The detailed anatomical scan, typically performed between 18-22 weeks of pregnancy, is one of the most comprehensive ultrasound examinations. This scan systematically evaluates fetal anatomy including the brain, spine, heart, kidneys, limbs, and other organs to screen for structural abnormalities. The examination also assesses fetal growth, amniotic fluid volume, placental location and appearance, and cervical length. This scan can often determine fetal sex if desired by the parents and provides an opportunity for detailed evaluation of fetal development.

Additional ultrasounds may be performed throughout pregnancy based on clinical indications such as monitoring fetal growth, assessing amniotic fluid levels, evaluating placental function, or investigating concerning symptoms. Specialized ultrasound studies may include Doppler flow studies to assess blood flow in fetal vessels, 3D/4D imaging for detailed visualization of fetal features, or biophysical profiles to assess fetal well-being in high-risk pregnancies. While ultrasound is considered safe during pregnancy with no known harmful effects, examinations are performed only when medically indicated. Our experienced sonographers and maternal-fetal medicine specialists ensure high-quality imaging and accurate interpretation of all ultrasound studies.