Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), also known as sexually transmitted infections (STIs), are infections passed from one person to another through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. These infections can be caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi and represent a significant public health concern affecting millions of people worldwide. Many STDs are asymptomatic, particularly in women, which contributes to their widespread transmission and potential for serious complications if left untreated.

Common bacterial STDs include chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis, all of which are curable with appropriate antibiotic treatment. Chlamydia and gonorrhea are the most frequently reported STDs and often occur together. If untreated, these infections can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which can cause infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain. Viral STDs include herpes simplex virus (HSV), human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B, and HIV. While these infections cannot be cured, they can often be managed with antiviral medications to reduce symptoms and transmission risk.

Symptoms of STDs vary depending on the specific infection but may include unusual vaginal discharge, burning during urination, pelvic pain, painful intercourse, abnormal bleeding, genital sores or warts, and flu-like symptoms. However, many STDs produce no symptoms, making regular screening crucial for sexually active individuals. Screening recommendations vary based on age, sexual behavior, and risk factors, but generally include annual chlamydia and gonorrhea testing for sexually active women under 25 and older women with risk factors.

Prevention strategies include consistent and correct use of barrier methods such as condoms, limiting the number of sexual partners, mutual monogamy with an uninfected partner, and vaccination when available (such as HPV and hepatitis B vaccines). Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is available for individuals at high risk for HIV infection. Our clinic provides comprehensive STD testing, treatment, and counseling services, including partner notification and treatment when appropriate. We also offer confidential testing and treatment options to ensure patients receive the care they need in a supportive, non-judgmental environment.